Add the sliced onion, grated carrot, shredded cabbage, bell pepper, potato, cilantro, green chili, and ginger to a large mixing bowl. Toss everything together until evenly combined.
Add the besan, rice flour, cumin seeds, turmeric powder, red chili powder, garam masala, chaat masala, and salt. Mix well until the vegetables are coated with the flour mixture.
Let the mixture rest for a few minutes. The vegetables will naturally release moisture, helping create a thick batter. Add water little by little only if needed until the mixture binds together.
Heat oil in a deep pan or kadai over medium heat until it reaches about 350°F (175°C).
Take small portions of the vegetable mixture and carefully drop them into the hot oil. Fry in batches, making sure not to overcrowd the pan.
Cook the pakoras for 3 to 5 minutes, turning occasionally, until they become crisp and golden brown.
Remove the pakoras using a slotted spoon and transfer them to a paper towel-lined plate or wire rack to drain excess oil.
Serve hot with mint chutney, tamarind chutney, or a warm cup of masala chai.